What Makes Up the Spine? — An Anatomical Overview

Chiropractors specialize in spinal and musculoskeletal health and employ various noninvasive techniques to help patients achieve optimal spinal function. Through adjustments, assessments, and evidence-based treatments, they aim to alleviate pain, improve mobility, and reduce the need for surgery or medication. Here, we will explore the spine’s anatomy and how chiropractors utilize specialized techniques to restore spinal health.

Anatomy of the Spine

The spine is a complex structure composed of vertebrae, discs, and nerves. It is one of the primary structural components of the human musculoskeletal system and houses the spinal cord, which connects the brain to the rest of the body. Because the spine is responsible for housing the spinal cord, addressing spinal injuries is critical to maintaining your body’s overall health. 

The adult spine is comprised of 33 vertebrae, each separated into three critical sections:

Cervical Spine: Located in the neck, the cervical spine houses seven vertebrae, C1 to C7. Because these bones are situated in your neck, they are much smaller and more flexible than the vertebrae in other spine sections. When you are involved in a car accident or experience whiplash, chiropractors typically adjust your cervical spine to realign the affected area.

Thoracic Spine: The thoracic spine is the middle section of your spine, situated in the upper back area. The thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae, labeled T1-T12, and serves as a support for the rib cage and chest, as well as for facilitating breathing. Vertebrae in the thoracic spine are often more rigid as they support and balance the spinal column. 

Lumbar Spine: The five vertebrae in the lower back, known as the lumbar spine, support the lower body. When experiencing pain from overexertion, the lumbar spine is often the focus of chiropractic care. 

Sacrum: Also known as the S1-S5, the sacrum is the curved section attaching the upper spine to the pelvis. These five vertebrae are often fused, appearing as one piece, allowing the spine to connect to the hip bones.

Coccyx: The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is the bony structure at the base of the spine. It comprises four fused vertebrae and is an attachment point for pelvic floor muscles and ligaments.

In each section of the spine, each vertebra consists of a weight-bearing body and a protective arch that houses the spinal cord. Intervertebral discs, acting as cushions, provide flexibility and absorb shock between vertebrae. Together, these components create a robust support system for the body.

The Role of the Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that runs through the vertebral canal, connecting the brain to the rest of the body and transmitting signals that control everything from movement to sensations and the ability to perform everyday activities and functions. When the spine is not properly aligned, the spinal cord can experience complications such as pain, tenderness, or an inability to perform certain tasks. 

There are a few different spinal conditions that may occur as a result of imbalances and misalignment in the spine or by injuries sustained by the spinal area. A few injuries that many chiropractors see in patients are:

Herniated Discs: When the outer layer of an intervertebral disc tears, the jelly-like cushion between the vertebrae begins to bulge out, putting pressure on the spinal nerves along the spine. This can cause intense pain and heavily restrict movement. 

Sciatica: When the sciatic nerve becomes compressed, it can cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs. Because the sciatic nerve runs along the spine and down through the legs, any misalignment or injury can cause the nerve to become pinched.

Spinal Stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the spinal canal, which puts pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. 

Scoliosis: Improper posture, misalignment, or even genetics can contribute to scoliosis. When the spine develops a sideways curvature, scoliosis becomes a cause for concern as it can often contribute to complications such as muscular imbalances, poor posture, and an increased risk for other spinal issues. 

Whiplash: When the head is suddenly thrown backward, such as in a car accident, the cervical spine can sustain injuries that affect the spinal cord and nervous system. 

Maintain Your Spinal Health With Governor’s Park Chiropractic

Chiropractors employ a combination of adjustments and evidence-based techniques to restore spinal alignment. Before treatment, they conduct thorough evaluations, including measurements and diagnostic tests, to assess your spinal health and develop a personalized treatment plan. By applying controlled force to the spine, chiropractors aim to alleviate pain, improve mobility, and enhance overall bodily function.

At Governor’s Park Chiropractic, we understand that your health and well-being are paramount. Whether you’re dealing with chronic pain, limited mobility, or recovering from an injury, our experienced chiropractors are dedicated to providing you with the care you need to live a fulfilling life. We offer personalized treatment plans tailored to your specific needs, utilizing evidence-based therapeutic techniques to address the root causes of your discomfort.

As Denver’s premier spinal and chiropractic experts, we have the knowledge and expertise to help you achieve optimal spinal health. We aim to alleviate pain, improve mobility, and restore your quality of life. With our compassionate care and commitment to excellence, we’ll work with you every step of the way to help you reach your health goals. Schedule an appointment with us online for one of our three Denver metro offices, or call us at (303) 831-1122 to take the first step towards achieving and maintaining your spinal health.